Introduction to Government: Meaning, &Scope.

Welcome to AllCBTs!
My name is Sunday, and in today’s Government class, we’ll explore the foundational concepts of the subject “Government.” If you’re preparing for NECO, WAEC, or JAMB, or just want a deep understanding of what government truly is, this tutorial is for you.

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You can watch the full class in the video below:

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What You’ll Learn in This Lesson

By the end of this class, you’ll fully understand:

• The meaning of Government
• The background and origin of the subject
• The scope and importance of government
• The elements that make up a government
• The structure of government
• What you stand to gain by studying this subject

So, sit back and follow along!

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Background to the Study of Government

Government exists wherever there are two or more people living or working together. It can be formal or informal, direct or indirect. This shows that government is part of human existence — in our homes, schools, workplaces, religious organizations, and even friend groups.

Examples:

• In a family: The father and mother usually lead and enforce rules.
• In schools: Principals, prefects, and committees manage student affairs.
• In offices or organizations: There are directors, managers, and departments responsible for decision-making.

So, government is not just about politics — it’s about organization, leadership, and control in any group setting.

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Structure of Government as a Subject

This subject is generally divided into three major parts, as reflected in most exam syllabuses, including WAEC, NECO, and JAMB:

1. Part A – Introduction to Government

Also known as the elementary or foundational aspect, this part discusses:

• What government means
• Features of government
• Basic concepts like power, authority, legitimacy, and sovereignty

2. Part B – Government in Nigeria

This is further divided into:

• Pre-Colonial Administration: The systems that existed in Nigeria before the arrival of colonial masters
• Colonial Administration: Government structures introduced by the British and how they were implemented
• Post-Colonial Administration: Events and government forms after Nigeria gained independence — up to the present

3. Part C – Nigeria and the World

This part focuses on:

• International relations
• The role Nigeria plays globally
• Key international organizations like:
  • United Nations (UN)
  • African Union (AU)
  • ECOWAS
  • Commonwealth of Nations
  • Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)

You will also discuss current affairs, treaties, and diplomatic engagements affecting global peace and development.

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Definition of Government

Let’s define it clearly.

Government is the institution of the state responsible for making laws, enforcing laws, and interpreting laws.

In mathematical terms: G=L+E+JG = L + E + JG=L+E+J

Where:

• G = Government
• L = Legislature (makes laws)
• E = Executive (implements/enforces laws)
• J = Judiciary (interprets laws)

These three arms work together to maintain order and ensure justice in any state or political system.

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Why You Should Study Government

Studying Government helps you:

• Understand how power and leadership function in societies
• Know your rights and responsibilities as a citizen
• Gain insight into current events and international relations
• Prepare for careers in law, politics, public administration, journalism, and more

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Watch more educational videos and past questions: https://youtube.com/@allcbts

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Final Words from Your Tutor

I hope you’re enjoying this introduction to Government. If you find this content helpful, be sure to subscribe to AllCBTs, where we simplify learning for NECO, WAEC, JAMB, JUPEB, and IJMB students.

There’s much more to come — including past questions, essay outlines, and government theory breakdowns.

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