The GCE Biology exam evaluates knowledge of cell biology, plant and animal physiology, genetics, and ecology. Below are 10 carefully solved GCE Biology questions to guide your 2025 preparation.

Question 1: Cell Organelles

Q1. Which of the following organelles is responsible for the synthesis of lipids in animal cells?
A) Ribosome
B) Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
C) Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
D) Lysosome

Solution:

• Ribosomes make proteins, not lipids.
• The Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) synthesizes lipids and steroids.
• Rough ER makes proteins due to ribosomes attached.
  Correct Answer: B (Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum).

Question 2: Water Loss in Plants

Q2. The process by which plants lose water through stomata is known as:
A) Transpiration
B) Translocation
C) Respiration
D) Evaporation

Solution:
Water vapor escapes mainly through stomata in leaves, a process called transpiration.
Correct Answer: A (Transpiration).

Question 3: Genetics

Q3. The physical appearance of an organism due to its genetic makeup is its:
A) Allele
B) Genotype
C) Phenotype
D) Chromosome

Solution:

• Genotype = genetic constitution.
• Phenotype = observable traits influenced by genotype and environment.
  Correct Answer: C (Phenotype).

Question 4: Respiration

Q4. The main product of anaerobic respiration in human muscle cells is:
A) Carbon dioxide
B) Lactic acid
C) Alcohol
D) Oxygen

Solution:
During oxygen debt, glucose is broken down incompletely, producing lactic acid.
Correct Answer: B (Lactic acid).

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Question 5: Photosynthesis

Q5. The gas released during photosynthesis is:
A) Carbon dioxide
B) Oxygen
C) Nitrogen
D) Hydrogen

Solution:
Light splits water molecules in photolysis, releasing oxygen as a by-product.
Correct Answer: B (Oxygen).

Question 6: Ecology

Q6. A group of organisms of the same species living in a particular area is called a:
A) Population
B) Community
C) Ecosystem
D) Habitat

Solution:

• Population = individuals of the same species in one area.
• Community = different species interacting.
  Correct Answer: A (Population).

Question 7: Enzymes

Q7. Enzymes are best described as:
A) Hormones
B) Catalysts
C) Vitamins
D) Minerals

Solution:
Enzymes are biological catalysts made of proteins that speed up reactions.
Correct Answer: B (Catalysts).

Question 8: Human Circulatory System

Q8. The blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart is the:
A) Pulmonary artery
B) Pulmonary vein
C) Vena cava
D) Aorta

Solution:

• Pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood.
• Pulmonary vein uniquely carries oxygenated blood to the left atrium.
  Correct Answer: B (Pulmonary vein).

Question 9: Nutrition

Q9. Which of the following is NOT a product of photosynthesis?
A) Glucose
B) Oxygen
C) Water
D) Carbon dioxide

Solution:
Reactants are water and carbon dioxide; products are glucose and oxygen.
Correct Answer: D (Carbon dioxide).

Question 10: Cell Biology

Q10. The organelle known as the “powerhouse of the cell” is the:
A) Nucleus
B) Ribosome
C) Mitochondrion
D) Chloroplast

Solution:
The mitochondrion produces ATP during respiration, earning it the name “powerhouse.”
Correct Answer: C (Mitochondrion).

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Conclusion

These 10 solved GCE Biology questions cover cells, photosynthesis, respiration, ecology, enzymes, and genetics. Practicing them helps students master key concepts needed to excel in the 2026 GCE Biology exam.

Keywords

• GCE Biology 2026 questions
• solved GCE Biology past questions
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Credit: Allschool, Allcbt

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