The Cambridge IGCSE Biology exam tests students on core concepts in cell biology, physiology, reproduction, genetics, and ecology. Below are 10 solved Biology questions with step-by-step explanations, designed to help you prepare effectively for the 2025 exam.

Question 1: Cell Organelles

Q1. Which organelle is responsible for packaging and secretion of proteins?
A) Mitochondrion
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Ribosome
D) Lysosome

Solution:

• Mitochondria: release energy (ATP).
• Ribosomes: protein synthesis.
• Lysosomes: digest enzymes.
• Golgi apparatus: packaging and secretion.
  Correct Answer: B (Golgi apparatus).

Question 2: Plant vs Animal Cells

Q2. Which of the following structures is present in plant cells but absent in animal cells?
A) Chloroplast
B) Ribosome
C) Mitochondrion
D) Endoplasmic reticulum

Solution:
Only chloroplast is unique to plant cells; it enables photosynthesis.
Correct Answer: A (Chloroplast).

Question 3: Photosynthesis

Q3. Which gas is absorbed during photosynthesis?
A) Oxygen
B) Carbon dioxide
C) Nitrogen
D) Hydrogen

Solution:
Plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen.
Correct Answer: B (Carbon dioxide).

Question 4: Human Circulatory System

Q4. Which blood cells are responsible for fighting infections?
A) Red blood cells
B) White blood cells
C) Platelets
D) Plasma

Solution:
White blood cells defend the body against pathogens.
Correct Answer: B (White blood cells).

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Question 5: Genetics

Q5. In humans, the allele for brown eyes (B) is dominant over blue eyes (b). Which genotype will result in blue eyes?
A) BB
B) Bb
C) bb
D) BBB

Solution:
Recessive trait (blue eyes) appears only in homozygous recessive (bb).
Correct Answer: C (bb).

Question 6: Human Digestive System

Q6. Which enzyme breaks down starch into maltose?
A) Protease
B) Lipase
C) Amylase
D) Maltase

Solution:
Amylase converts starch → maltose.
Correct Answer: C (Amylase).

Question 7: Ecology

Q7. Which of the following is a biotic factor in an ecosystem?
A) Temperature
B) Soil pH
C) Rainfall
D) Plants

Solution:
Biotic = living component.
Plants are living.
Correct Answer: D (Plants).

Question 8: Human Reproduction

Q8. Where does fertilisation usually occur in humans?
A) Uterus
B) Ovary
C) Fallopian tube
D) Cervix

Solution:
Fertilisation normally occurs in the fallopian tube.
Correct Answer: C (Fallopian tube).

Question 9: Respiration

Q9. What is the main product of anaerobic respiration in humans?
A) Carbon dioxide
B) Lactic acid
C) Ethanol
D) Oxygen

Solution:
In humans, anaerobic respiration produces lactic acid.
Correct Answer: B (Lactic acid).

Question 10: Classification

Q10. Which group of organisms is multicellular and makes food by photosynthesis?
A) Animals
B) Plants
C) Fungi
D) Bacteria

Solution:
Plants are multicellular autotrophs.
Correct Answer: B (Plants).

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Conclusion

These 10 solved IGCSE Biology questions cover cell organelles, genetics, photosynthesis, respiration, ecology, and human systems. By practicing them, students can gain confidence and accuracy for the 2025 IGCSE Biology exam.

Keywords

• IGCSE Biology 2025 questions
• solved IGCSE Biology past questions
• likely IGCSE Biology exam questions
• Golgi apparatus and protein secretion
• plant vs animal cells IGCSE Biology

Credit: Allschool, Allcbt

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