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IJMB General Biology Questions and Answers Paper 2

Published on Jul 10, 2025 • Education

Good afternoon, students!
Today, we're tackling some of the most important general biology past questions from the IJMB General Biology Paper 2 exam. Get your writing materials ready, and let’s dive into highly examinable content you need to master.

You can watch the full class in the video below:

Question 1: Explain the Following Terms

A. Reproductive Cells or Tissues

Reproductive tissues are groups of cells responsible for reproduction — the ability of an organism to give rise to young ones (offspring). They are categorized into male and female reproductive systems:

Male Reproductive Tissues:

• Testis
• Vas deferens
• Penis
• Seminal vesicle
• Urethra

Female Reproductive Tissues:

• Ovary
• Uterus
• Fallopian tube
• Cervix
• Vagina

These tissues work together to enable fertilization, gestation, and eventual delivery of offspring.

B. Phagocytosis

Phagocytosis is the process by which certain cells (especially white blood cells) engulf and digest foreign materials that are harmful to the body. These may include:

• Bacteria
• Dead or broken-down cells
• Pathogens

White blood cells perform this function as part of the body’s immune defense. Phagocytosis helps clean up infections and protect the body from further harm.

C. Metabolism

Metabolism refers to all chemical reactions taking place in the cells of living organisms. These reactions help organisms:

• Digest food
• Respire
• Excrete waste
• Grow and maintain structure

Metabolism is divided into two main categories:

1. Catabolism

This is the breaking down of complex molecules (like carbohydrates, proteins, and fats) into simpler ones. For example:

• Carbohydrates → Glucose
• This process releases energy the body can use.

2. Anabolism

This is the building up of complex molecules from simpler ones. It typically requires energy. Examples include:

• Amino acids building into proteins
• Glucose forming glycogen

These two metabolic pathways are essential for cellular function, growth, and repair.

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Summary

• Reproductive tissues allow organisms to reproduce and are structured differently in males and females.
• Phagocytosis protects the body by destroying harmful invaders like bacteria.
• Metabolism governs all internal processes that keep an organism alive and includes both catabolism (breakdown) and anabolism (building up).

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